The Mindanao Tarictic Hornbills (Penelopides affinis), sometimes shortened to Mindanao Hornbill, is a medium-small species of hornbill found in the canopy of rainforests on Mindanao, Dinagat, Siargao, and Basilan in the southern Philippines.
As is the case with all Philippine tarictic hornbills, it has been considered a subspecies of Visayan Tarictic hornbills.
Additionally, the Samar Tarictic Hornbill is often included as a subspecies of the Mindanao Tarictic Hornbill.
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Subspecies
There are two subspecies:
- P. a. affinis (nominate). Found on the islands of Mindanao, Dinagat, and Siargao in the Philippines.
- P. affinis basilanica. Found on the island of Basilan in the Philippines.
Behavior
It is social and often seen in pairs of small groups. These birds are noisy and emit an incessant sound that sounds like ta-rik-tik, hence the name. Despite their noise, they are difficult to find, being well camouflaged by the dense foliage.
Diet
The principal food of Mindanao Tarictic Hornbill is fruit. It also eats insects, beetles, ants, and earthworms (rarely).
In captivity
The Mindanao Tarictic Hornbill is often labelled as Penelopides panini in zoos due to the taxonomic complications with this genus. London Zoo used to keep a bird in this way. There are now very few Mindanao Tarictic Hornbills outside the Philippines. Hong Kong Zoological and Botanical Gardens keeps an elderly female.
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